What is the difference between perimenopause and menopause?
Perimenopause is the transition during which ovarian hormone patterns and periods begin to change. Menopause is confirmed after twelve consecutive months without a period, provided there is no other medical explanation. Symptoms can begin years before that point and may continue afterwards.
At what age does menopause usually start in India?
Population studies suggest the average is earlier in India than in many Western populations, but an individual woman's timing varies. Menopause before 40 needs a specific assessment for premature ovarian insufficiency; symptoms or cycle changes at any age should not be dismissed without context.
Do I need a blood test to know if I am in perimenopause?
Often, no. In women over 45, symptoms and menstrual history are usually more useful than a single fluctuating hormone result. Tests may be appropriate when symptoms begin unusually early, periods stop unexpectedly, pregnancy is possible, or thyroid and other conditions need to be excluded.
Can you treat menopause entirely online?
Many consultations, symptom reviews and follow-ups can be completed online. I may ask for a blood pressure reading and relevant investigations. Examination, imaging or procedures require an appropriate in-person setting, and I will explain clearly when that is necessary.
What can you prescribe in an online consultation?
Prescribing depends on a documented consultation, medical history, individual risks and applicable telemedicine guidance. I will not recommend hormone therapy from a message alone. Where remote prescribing is clinically appropriate, monitoring and follow-up are agreed at the same time.
When would an in-person visit to Apollo be needed?
An in-person review may be needed for concerning bleeding, examination, imaging, procedures or findings that cannot be assessed safely by video. Dr. Sana practises at Apollo Fertility, Kondapur, Hyderabad. Video consultations are available to patients in India and internationally, subject to local rules.
Is hormone therapy safe? What about breast cancer?
The balance of benefit and risk differs by age, timing, symptoms, medical history, formulation and route. A past or current hormone-sensitive cancer requires specialist coordination. The safest answer is an individual risk assessment, not a universal yes or no.
How much does hormone therapy cost in India?
Costs vary by formulation, brand, dose, monitoring and pharmacy availability. I discuss the practical options after assessment so the decision is clinically appropriate and financially sustainable. A current itemised estimate can be confirmed before treatment begins.
Which hormone therapy brands are available in India?
Availability changes and the correct product depends on whether oestrogen, progesterone or local vaginal treatment is appropriate. I discuss current regulated options during consultation rather than recommending a brand without reviewing your history.
I had a hysterectomy. Do I still go through menopause?
If the ovaries remain, hormone production can continue even though periods have stopped, making the timing less obvious. If both ovaries were removed, surgical menopause begins immediately. The operation details and symptoms determine the right assessment.
I am 36 and my periods have stopped. Is that menopause?
It may have several causes, including pregnancy, thyroid or prolactin disorders, hypothalamic amenorrhoea and premature ovarian insufficiency. Because loss of ovarian function before 40 affects fertility, bone and cardiovascular health, it deserves prompt assessment rather than watchful waiting.
I have had breast cancer. What are my options if I cannot take HRT?
There are non-hormonal approaches for hot flushes, sleep and genitourinary symptoms, but choices should be coordinated with your oncology team. The plan depends on the cancer type, current medication and the symptom that matters most to you.
Can I still get pregnant during perimenopause?
Yes. Ovulation becomes less predictable but does not stop immediately, so pregnancy remains possible until menopause is established. If pregnancy is desired, age and ovarian reserve make timely advice important; if not, contraception is still needed.
Do I need contraception in perimenopause?
Usually yes, until menopause is established according to your age and clinical circumstances. Hormone therapy is not contraception. The most suitable method depends on bleeding, medical risks and whether hormone therapy is also being considered.
How do I book a menopause consultation?
Choose an online appointment on Dr. Sana's Superprofile booking page. Video consultations are available from anywhere in India and internationally, subject to local rules on remote care. If payment from abroad does not work, use the WhatsApp payment-help link below to request an alternative. Severe pain, heavy bleeding, chest pain, breathlessness or acute mental-health concerns require urgent local medical attention.
What are the first signs of perimenopause?
Common early changes are a shift in cycle length or flow, disturbed sleep, night sweats, hot flushes, new anxiety or low mood, and difficulty concentrating. Symptoms often begin while periods are still regular, which is why perimenopause is frequently missed or attributed to stress.
Can perimenopause be treated online?
In most cases, yes. Assessment relies on symptom history, menstrual pattern, medical history and risk factors, supported by a blood-pressure reading and selected investigations. Examination, imaging or procedures require an in-person appointment, and Dr. Sana will say plainly when that is necessary.
How long do menopause symptoms last?
Duration varies considerably between women. Vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes commonly persist for several years after the final period, and genitourinary symptoms such as dryness tend to continue or worsen without treatment. Individual duration should be discussed against your own history.
Does menopause affect bone and heart health?
Yes. Falling oestrogen accelerates bone loss and changes the lipid profile, which is why bone and cardiovascular risk deserve active attention around and after menopause. Early or surgical menopause increases the importance of that assessment. Screening is chosen according to your individual risk.
What is the difference between menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency?
Premature ovarian insufficiency means ovarian function declines before the age of 40. It is not simply early menopause: it affects fertility, bone and cardiovascular health, and it requires a specific diagnostic assessment and long-term plan rather than watchful waiting.